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Molecular Endocrinology, doi:10.1210/me.2003-0061
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Molecular Endocrinology 17 (6): 985-993
Copyright © 2003 by The Endocrine Society

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Liver X Receptor Signaling Pathways in Cardiovascular Disease

Peter Tontonoz and David J. Mangelsdorf

Howard Hughes Medical Institute (P.T., D.J.M.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (P.T.), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1662; and Department of Pharmacology (D.J.M.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9050

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Peter Tontonoz, M.D., Ph.D., Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Box 951662, Los Angeles, California 90095-1662. E-mail: ptontonoz{at}mednet.ucla.edu.

The liver X receptors {alpha} and ß (LXR{alpha} and LXRß) are members of the nuclear receptor family of proteins that are critical for the control of lipid homeostasis in vertebrates. The endogenous activators of these receptors are oxysterols and intermediates in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. LXRs serve as cholesterol sensors that regulate the expression of multiple genes involved in the efflux, transport, and excretion of cholesterol. Recent studies have outlined the importance of LXR signaling pathways in the development of metabolic disorders such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Synthetic LXR agonists inhibit the development of atherosclerosis in murine models, an effect that is likely to result from the modulation of both metabolic and inflammatory gene expression. These observations identify the LXR pathway as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in human cardiovascular disease.

NURSA Molecule Pages Link:

Nuclear Receptors:   PPARγ  |  LXRβ  |  LXRα  |  RXRα  |  RXRβ  |  RXRγ
Ligands:   LGD 100268  |  GW 3965



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