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Dissociation of Steroid Receptor Coactivator 1 and Nuclear Receptor Corepressor Recruitment to the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor by Modification of the Ligand-Receptor Interface: The Role of Tyrosine 735

Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine (A.S., H.G., A.B., C.W., A.W., D.R.) and School of Biological Sciences (C.W., A.W.), Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Adam Stevens, Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom. E-mail: fras{at}fs1.ser.man.ac.uk.

Within the human glucocorticoid receptor (GR) steroid binding pocket, tyrosine 735 makes hydrophobic contact with the steroid D ring. Substitution of tyrosine735 selectively impairs glucocorticoid transactivation but not transrepression. We now show, using both mammalian two-hybrid and glutathione-S-transferase pull downs, that such substitutions reduce interaction with steroid receptor coactivator 1, both basally and in response to agonist binding. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen we identified one of the three nuclear receptor interacting domains (NCoR-N1) of nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) as interacting with the GR C terminus in an RU486-specific manner. This was confirmed in mammalian two-hybrid experiments, and so we used the NCoR-N1 peptide to probe the GR C-terminal conformation. Substitution of Tyr735phe, Tyr735val, and Tyr735 ser, which impaired steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC1) interaction, enhanced NCoR-N1 recruitment, basally and after RU486. RU486 did not direct SRC1 recruitment to any of the GR constructs, and dexamethasone did not allow NCoR-N1 recruitment. Using a glutathione-S-transferase pull-down approach, the NCoR-N1 peptide was found to bind the full-length GR constitutively, and no further induction was seen with RU486, but it was reduced by dexamethasone. As both SRC1 and NCoR are predicted to recognize a common hydrophobic cleft in the GR, it seems that changes favorable to one interaction are detrimental to the other, thus identifying a molecular switch.

NURSA Molecule Pages Link:

Nuclear Receptors:   PPARα  |  GR

Coregulators:   SRC-1  |  GRIP1  |  NCOR  |  SMRT

Ligands:   Dexamethasone  |  Hydrocortisone  |  RU486

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